The BareStory
A divided federal appeals court ruled on Tuesday to uphold a preliminary injunction against the higher-education provisions of Florida's "Stop WOKE Act." The 2-1 decision from the 11th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals prevents the state from enforcing the 2022 law, formally known as the Individual Freedom Act, at public colleges and universities.
The law, signed by Governor Ron DeSantis, prohibits instruction that promotes or compels students to believe specific concepts tied to race, sex, national origin, and privilege. This includes banning teachings that suggest individuals are inherently racist or sexist due to their identity, or that cause students to feel guilt or psychological distress over past actions committed by members of their same demographic group.
In the majority opinion, Judge Britt Grant, joined by Judge Charles Wilson, rejected Florida's argument that the state can control the classroom speech of government-paid professors. Grant wrote that the statute violates First Amendment protections and described the state's position as a breathtaking assertion of power to ban unpopular ideas. In her dissent, Judge Barbara Lagoa argued that Florida acted within its authority to regulate state-sponsored classrooms, stating that the First Amendment does not require all viewpoints to receive state endorsement.
Supporters of the law asserted that it was designed to prevent instruction that supports racial discrimination. Conversely, opponents, including Democratic state legislators, argued that the law was an effort to suppress honest education regarding historical injustices in the United States, such as slavery and the Jim Crow era.
The legal challenge was brought by university professors, students, and a student group, with representation from organizations including the American Civil Liberties Union, the ACLU of Florida, and the Foundation for Individual Rights and Expression. The ruling follows previous federal court decisions that blocked other provisions of the act concerning workplace training at private companies.
How it may affect me
As a U.S. reader:
• If you are a professor or student at a public university in Florida, you will experience the immediate short-term effect of being able to teach and discuss topics related to systemic inequality, privilege, and race without the fear of state-imposed penalties or restrictions.
• If you are a taxpayer in Florida, your tax dollars will fund public university instruction that may include concepts and viewpoints on race and sex that the state government previously attempted to ban as discriminatory.
• If you are a student at a public university in Florida, you may continue to encounter curricula and classroom discussions that touch on uncomfortable historical realities, such as slavery and Jim Crow, without the state regulating whether these concepts cause psychological distress.
• Over the longer term, the ruling establishes a legal precedent in the 11th Circuit that limits the power of state governments to control or restrict the classroom speech and viewpoints of professors at state-funded higher education institutions.